CLINICAL RESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATION ABSTRACTS
Please note: All posters will be displayed in
Salons 10-12.
THURSDAY, 5:30-6:15 PM
Taylor AG, Vincent HK, Bourguignon C.
Association of a novel dietary "phytochemical index"
with measures of inflammation and oxidative stress in obese young adults.
University of Virginia agt@virginia.edu
Diets consisting of plant sources are rich in phytochemicals
and are related to lower incidence of cardiovascular disease (CAD) and
lower body weight than diets low in plant foods. A newly proposed estimate
of dietary phytochemical intake ("Phytochemical Index (PI)" = the ratio
of calories derived from phytochemical-rich foods/total calories consumed)
may be a useful clinical tool in the dietary management of persons susceptible
to CAD, such as the obese. Dietary patterns, PI scores, body fat indexes
(percent body fat, waist circumference, BMI), and inflammatory cytokines
were measured in non-obese (BMI <25 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25-29.9
kg/m2) and obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2) adults. Fifty men and women (18-30
years) completed dietary and blood analyses and aerobic fitness testing.
Blood samples were analyzed for inflammation (interleukins 1, 6 and
c-reactive protein; IL-1, IL-6, CRP), oxidative stress (lipid hydroperoxides,
PEROX) and blood lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoproteins).
Aerobic fitness was higher in the non-obese (32.8 ± 1.3 ml/kg*min) than
in the overweight and obese (24.9±1.9, 15.3±1.2 ml/kg*min; p=0.0001).
PI scores were highest in the non-obese group than in the remaining
two groups (p<0.05). Fat intake was greater while phytochemical intake
of lutein (+zeaxanthin), b-cryptoxanthin and lycopene were lower in
the obese group than the remaining groups (p<0.05). Of the major dietary
food groups, overweight and obese participants consumed fewer servings
of green leafy vegetables, dried fruit, fresh fruit, whole grain breads
and other green vegetables than non-obese participants (p<0.05). IL-1,
IL-6 and CRP concentrations were higher in the obese than in the overweight
or non-obese (p<0.05). After controlling for fitness, PI inversely correlated
with body weight, waist circumference and BMI (r values ranging from
-.502 to -.643; p<0.05), systolic blood pressure (r = -0.511; p<0.05)
PEROX (r = -0.332; p<0.05) and IL-1 (r = -.517; p<0.05). Finally, using
a hierarchal regression analysis model, the PI score was found to be
a significant contributor to weight gain that occurred within the past
year for all participants (R2 change = 0.08, p<0.05). In conclusion,
the PI is related to measures of inflammation, oxidative stress, weight
gain and obesity. This tool may potentially be used in patient care
plans that focus on holistic dietary approaches to reduce blood pressure,
inflammation and oxidative stress, especially in overweight and obese
persons.
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