POSTER PRESENTATION ABSTRACTS
Please note: All posters will be displayed in Salons 10-12.

FRIDAY, 5:45-6:30 PM


Saleem S, Doré, S*.

Reduction of infarct size by Ginkgo biloba (EGb-761).

Johns Hopkins University, SOM, ACCM Dept sdore@jhmi.edu *Presenting author

PURPOSE: The standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761) has been widely employed for its significant benefit in neurodegenerative disorders. Although antioxidative actions have been attributed to this extract, the mechanisms of the multiple principles involved in this pharmacologic activity are not completely established. Ischemic stroke and Alzheimer diseases are frequently associated with oxidative stress and defects in the cellular protective mechanisms. Oxidative stress, which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemic brain injury, degrades heme proteins, such as cytochrome P450, and causes elevation in the level of cellular free heme, which can catalyze the formation of reactive oxygen species. Heme oxygenase (HO) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of heme, followed by production of biliverdin, free iron, and carbon monoxide (CO). We tested the hypothesis that EGb 761 would afford neuronal protection by inducing the endogenous antioxidant enzyme, heme oxygenase. We and others have reported that modulation of HO activity could have direct beneficial consequences in cerebral ischemia. By using a mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion model, we investigated the possible role of EGb 761 on neurobehavioral activity and infarct volume in male wildtype (WT) and HO knockout (HO-/-) mice.

METHODS: The right MCA was occluded for 2 h using intraluminal 8-0 silicon monofilament, and reperfusion was allowed for 22 h. Neurologic deficit was evaluated and infarct volume was quantified. RESULTS: The neurobehavioral activity decreased, while infarct size increased significantly (p<0.05) in WT mice. All of the alternations induced by ischemia were significantly (p<0.01) attenuated by 7-day pretreatment with EGb 761 (100 mg/kg b.w. p.o.) and correlated well with TTC infarct volume measurement by decreasing the infarct size following MCA occlusion and reperfusion in WT mice.

CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the protective effects of Ginkgo biloba in focal cerebral ischemia could be mediated through beneficial actions of heme degradation and its metabolites.

 

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